TIME : 3 hours Maximum
Marks : 90
Instructions
Q. No. 1 to 10 are MCQs ( 1mark for each question)
Q. No. 11 to 23 are short answer questions write in 60-80
words ( 3 marks for each question)
Q. No. 24 to 30 are long are questions write in 100-125
words ( 5 marks for each question)
Q. No. 31-1 and 31-2 are map questions. Please attach the map inside the answer book
Q.1 Till the eighteenth century the shape of the cricket bat was in
the shape of hockey stick. Choose the correct reason :
a) The ground was uneven. b)
The ball was bowled underarm along the
ground.
c)
There was no limit on the shape and the
size of the bat. d) It was easy to play in open ground.
Q.2 Which
combination was suggested by the Rabindra Nath Tagore for India's national
dress?
(a) Elements of Hindu and Muslim Dress. (b) Elements of Hindu
and Parsi Dress.
(c)
Elements of Muslim and European Dress. (d)
Elements of European and Hindu Dress.
Q.3 Why
is cricket match different from other sports? Choose the correct answer.
a) The match can go on for five days and still end in a draw. (b)The playing time is an hour
and half.
c)The dimension of the playing area is specified. (d)The game
gets completed in nine innings.
Q.4 The red cap introduced by Jacobin Club symbolized :
(a)Liberty (b)Equality (C)Broken Chain (d)Fraternity
Q.5 Which one of the following types of forests is found in the
Ganga-Bramputra Delta?
a)
Thorny
forest b)Montane forest (c) Mangrove forest d)Tropical Rain forest
Q.6 Which one of the following provides an ideal habitat for the
animal 'Yak'?
a)
Sunderbans
b)Swampy and marshy lands of Assam
b) Rann of Kutch d)Freezing high altitudes of Ladakh
Q.7 Which of the following statements is against the democratic
process of elections?
a) Parties and candidates should be free to contest elections.
b) Elections must be held regularly immediately after the term is
over.
c) The right to vote should be given to the selected people only.
d) Elections should be conducted in a free and fair manner.
Q. 8 Which one of the
following is a violation of the right to life or personal liberty?
a)
The
arrested person was informed about the reason of his arrest.
b) He was produced before the court within 24 hours of
his arrest.
c) He was not allowed to consult his lawyer.
d) He was shown the warrant before arrest.
Q.9 Which one of the following rights is available
to the citizens of India and not to the citizens of Saudi Arabia?
a) The country is ruled by a hereditary king. b)Citizens cannot form political parties.
c)Women
are subjected to many public restrictions. d)Citizens enjoy the freedom of religion.
Q.10 Which one of the
following is not considered as a social indicator of poverty?
a) Illiteracy level. b)Lack of access of health care.
Ans. b)
Answer (MCQ): 1. (a) 2. (a) 3.
(a) 4. (c) 5. (d) 6. (c) 7. (c) 8.
(d) 9. (c) 10. b)
Q.11 What
is shifting cultivation? Why did the European foresters discourage the practice of shifting cultivation?
(i) In shifting cultivation, parts of the forest are cut and
burnt in rotation. Seeds are sown in the ashes. Such plots are cultivated for a
couple of years and then left follow to regain fertility.
ii. Europeans discouraged practice of shifting cultivation:
a. Considered the practice harmful for the forests.
b. Lands used for shifting cultivation could not be used to grow
trees for railway timber.
c.
Danger of the
flames spreading and burning valuable timber.
d.
Difficulty in the
calculation of taxes.
OR
How did the Pastoralists cope with the changes in
the modern world?
Ans. Pastoralists coped with the changes by
the following ways.
1.
Reduced
the number of cattle. 2. Moved to new pasture lands.
3.
Became
agriculturalist. 4. Became traders.
OR
Explain the
impact of introduction of machines in agriculture on poor farmers.
Ans. Impact of introduction of
machine in agriculture on poor farmers-
1.
It
brought misery to poor farmers. 2. They came under debt. 3. They had to leave their farms.
Q.12 What was the main objective of Sumptuary laws? Mention any two
restrictions imposed under these laws.
Ans. Objective of Sumptuary laws was to control the behaviour of
those considered social inferiors.Restrictions.
1.
Preventing them
from wearing certain clothes. 2. Consuming certain foods & beverages.
3.
Hunting game in
certain areas.
Q.13 How is the climate of India governed by the atmospheric
conditions? Explain with three suitable examples.
i.
Pressure and
surface winds. Ii. Upper air circulation.
Ans:
Western cyclonic disturbances and tropical cyclones.
a.
Development of
low and high pressure during different seasons and the consequent development
and pattern of wind movements.
b.
Development and
the position of Jet stream during different seasons.
c.
Inflow of western
disturbances during winters and the development of tropical cyclones over the
seas. Explanation of each point.
Q.14
Describe any three
features of advancing monsoon season.
1.
June to September
is the period of advancing monsoon. 2. Development of monsoon low pressure trough.
3.
Formation of
south west monsoon winds. 4. Distribution of rainfull across the
country.
5.
Breaks in
monsoon. 6. Known for uncertainties.
Q.15 In which region are the tropical thorny forests and shrubs found
in India? Mention any four characteristics of such type of vegetation.
Ans. Thorn forests and
scrubs are found in the north western part of India including semi-arid areas
of
Gujarat,
Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Uttar Pradesh and Haryana.
1.
Found in regions
with less than 70cm of rainfall
2.
Trees are scattered
and have long roots penetrating deep into soil to get moisture.
3.
Stems are
succulent to conserve water.
4.
Leaves are thick
and small to minimise evaporation.
Q.16
Explain three main
processes of change of population in India.
Ans. i) Birth Rateis the number of live births per
thousand persons in a year. It is a major component growth of population. In India birth rates
have always been higher than death rates.
(ii)
Death Rateis the number of deaths per thousand persons in a year. Rapid
decline in death rate is themain cause of rapid growth in population rapidly.
Since 1981 birth rate has also started declining resulting in a gradual decline
in the rate of population growth.
(iii)
Migrationis the movement of people across regions and territories.
Migration can be internal orinternational. Internal migration does not change
the size of the population within the nation. Migration plays a very
significant role in changing the composition and distribution of population.
Q.17 How does the Election Commission
of India regulate campaigns of political parties and candidates to ensure fair
and equal chances to compete?
Ans.
According to our election commission laws no party or candidate can:
1.
Bribe or threaten
voters 2. Appeal to voters in the name of caste or
religion
3.
Use government
resources for election campaign ; 4. Spend not more than 25 lakhs in a
constituency for Lok Sabha election or 10 lakhs in a constituency in an
assembly election.
Q.18
What
are 'Reserved Constituencies'? Why was the system of reserved constituencies introduced in India?
Ans.
Reserved Constituencies:
1. Some constituencies are reserved for people who belong to the
Scheduled Castes (SC) and Scheduled Tribes (ST). In these constituencies, only
someone who belongs to these categories can contest election.
2.
Arguments for
introduction of Reserved Contituencies
3.
The Constitution
makers were worried that in an open electoral competition, certain weaker
sections may not stand a good chance to get elected to Lok Sabha and the State
Legislative Assemblies.
4.
They may not have
the required resources, education and contacts to contest and win elections
against others.
5.
If the
reservation is not done, our Parliament and Assemblies would be deprived of the
voice of a significant section of our population.
Q.19
Explain any three powers
of the Prime Minister of India as Head of the State.
Ans.
Powers of the Prime Minister as Head of the State.The Prime minister:
1.
Chairs cabinet
meetings. 2 Coordinates the work of different
departments.
3.
Exercises general
supervision of different ministries. 4. Distributes
and redistributes work to the ministers.
5.
Has the power to
dismiss ministers. 6 His/her decisions are final in case of
disagreement
between the departments.
Q.20
Explain with examples
how the poverty line is estimated in India?
The poverty line is estimated in India.
The common method used to estimate poverty
line in India is based on income or consumption method.
Income Method - For the year 2000, the poverty line for a person
was fixed at Rs 328 per month for the rural areas and Rs. 454 for the urban
areas.
Consumption Method - The accepted average calorie requirement in
India is 2400 calories per person per day in rural areas and 2100 calories per
person per day in urban areas.
Q.21
Explain any three causes
for the widespread poverty in India.
Causes for the widespread poverty in India:
1.
Low level of
economic development under colonial rule. 2. Less job opportunities
3.
Low growth rate
of income. 4. High growth rate of population.
5.
Low per capital
income
Q.22
Describe the three
dimensions of food security.
Food security has following dimensions:-
1.
Availability of
food means food production within the country, food imports and the previous
year’s stock stored in government granaries.
2.
Accessibility
means food is within reach of every person
3.
Affordability
implies that an individual has enough money to buy sufficient, safe and
nutritious food to meet one's dietary needs.
Any other relevant point
Q.23
Explain any five ideas
of Detach Brandis for management of forests in India during British period.
Ans.
Five Ideas of Dietrich Brandis for Management of forest in India Training people in the science of
conservation
Framing rules about the use of forest resources Restriction on felling
of trees
Restriction on grazing Preservation
of forest for timber production
OR
Why are Maasais of Africa continuously losing their
grazing grounds? Explain anyfive reasons.
The main reasons for the continuous loss of grazing lands of
Maasais:
1.
Europeon imperial
powers scrambled for territorial possessions in Africa, slicing up the region
into different colonies.
2.
Maasai land was
divided into British Kenya and German Tanganyika.
3.
The best grazing
lands were gradually taken over by white settlements and Maasais were pushed
into a small area.
4.
The Maasais lost
about 60 percent of their pre-coloical lands.
5.
They were confined
to an arid zone with uncertain rainfall and poor pastures.
6.
Large areas of
grazing land were turned into game reserves.
OR
How did the Enclosure Movement benefit Britain.
Explain any fine benefits.
1.
Grain production
grew as quickly as population.
2.
Landlords sliced
up pasture lands, carved up open fields, cut up forest commons, took over
marshes, and turned larger areas into agricultural fields.
3.
Enclosures were
seen as necessity to make long term investments on land.
4.
Planned crop
rotation to improve their soil
5.
It also allowed
the rich landowners to expand the land under their control and produce more for
the markets.
Q.24
Explain any five reasons
for increase in deforestation under colonial rule.
Five reasons for increase in deforestation under the colonial
rule:
1.
Increase in
demand for food. 2. Forests were considered unproductive by the
colonial rulers.
3.
Increase in need
for raw materials for industrial production. 4. Spread of railways
5.
Development of
plantation
OR
What was the impact of the
colonial policies on the life of the pastoralists. Explain any five.
Impact of the colonial policies on the life of
Pastoralists-
1.
Loss of grazing
land. 2. Loss of cattle.
3.
Decline in the
quality pastures. 4. Shortage of forage for animals.
5. Death of cattle
OR
Why were the peasants not willing to grow opium in
their fields?
The Peasants were not willing to grow opium in their fields.
1.
The crop had to
be grown on their best lands. 2. Many cultivators owned no land.
3.
The rents charged
on good lands near village were very high. 4. Growing of opium was a difficult process.
5.
The price given
by government was low.
Q.25 The Battle of Waterloo was won on the playing field of
Eton". Justify the statement with any five suitable arguments.
Britain's military success was based on the values taught to
school boys in its public schools.
1.
Eton was the most
famous of these schools.
2.
The English boarding school was the
institution that trained English boys for careers in the military, the civil
service & the church.
3.
Men like Thomas
Arnold, head master of the famous Rugby School and founder of the modern public
school system, saw team support like cricket and rugby not just as outdoor
play, but as an organised way of teaching English boys the discipline.
4.
It taught the
English boys, the importance of codes of honour and the leadership qualities
that helped then build and run the British Empire.
OR
"The introduction of western style clothing in
the 19th century in India met with severe reactions in different ways".
Support the statement with suitable arguments.
Many Indians reacted differently by the introduction of western
style clothing.
1.
The wealthy
Parsis of western India were among the first to adapt western style of
clothing. Baggy trousers and the Phenta (or hat) were added to long colourless
coats with boots and a walking stick to look like a gentleman.
2.
To some, western
clothes were a sign of modernity and progress.
3.
There were others
who were convinced that western culture would lead to a loss of traditional
cultural identity.
4.
The use of
western style clothes was taken as a sign of the world turning upside down.
5.
Some men resolved
this dilemma by wearing western clothes without giving up their Indian ones.
Q.26
Describe any five
provisions made in the National Population Policy of 2000.
Provisions made in the National Population Policy 2000
1.
Imparting
compulsory school education upto 14 years of age.
2.
Reducing infant
mortality rate to below 30 per 1000 live birth.
3.
Achieving
universal immunisation of children against all vaccine preventable diseases.
4.
Raising marriage
age for girls.
5.
Making family
welfare a people centred programme.
Q.27 Name the two houses of Parliament in India. Which of
the two houses in more powerful? Justify your answer with any three suitable
arguments.
Two Houses of Parliament in India:
Lok Sabha & Rajya Sabha and
Lok Sabha is more powerful.
1.
If both the
houses disagree on an ordinary bill, the will of Lok Sabha will prevail in the
joint session due to its larger number.
2.
Lok Sabha enjoys
more powers in money matter. For example a money bill can only be introduced in
Lok Sabha.
3.
Lok Sabha
controls the Council of Ministers.
4.
Only Lok Sabha
can pass the no confidence motion against the Council of Ministers.
Q.28
"Rights are
necessary for the very sustenance of a democracy". Give any five arguments
to support the statement.
Rights are necessary for the sustenance of democracy because:
1.
Every citizen
must have the right to vote and the right to be elected.
2.
Every citizen
should have the right to express his/her opinion.
3.
Citizens have the
right to form political parties.
4.
Right to project
minorities from the oppression of majority.
5.
Right to act as a
check on misuse of government power.
Q.29
Explain five important
anti-poverty measures undertaken by the Government of India.
Anti-Poverty Measures taken by teh Government of India.
1.
National Rural
Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA) 2005 The Act provides 100 days assured
employment every year to every rural household in 200 districts.
2.
National Food for
Work Programme. (NFWP) 2004 was launched in 150 most backward districts of the
country. It is open to all rural poor who are in need of wage employment.
3.
Prime Minister
Rozgar Yogana (PMRY) 1993. The aim is to create self-employment opportunities
for educated youth in rural areas and small towns.
4.
Rural Employment
Generation Programme (REGP) 1995 The aim to is to create self-employment
opportunities in rural areas.
5.
Swarnajayanti
Gram Swarozgar Yogana (SGSY) 1999. It aims at bringing the poor families above
poverty line by organizing them into self-help groups through bank credit and
government subsidy.
Q.30
What
is buffer stock? Why is the buffer stock created by the government?
Buffer stock is the
stock of foodgrains and rice procured by the government through Food
Corporation of India (FCI).
1.
Buffer stock is
created by the government :
2.
To distribute
foodgrains in the deficit areas.
3.
To use among the
poorer strata of society at a lower price.
4.
To resolve the
problem of shortage of food during adverse weather conditions or during the
periods of calamity.
Q.31 a)
Two features A and B are shown in the political outline map of India. Identify
these features with the help of following information and write their correct
names on the line marked on the map.
A- Type of forest B- The state having lowest sex-ratio
b)
On the same map of India locate and label the following items with appropriate
symbols:
1. Thiruvananthapuram 2. Corbett
National Park
Ans. Q. 31
a)
1. Evergreen forest 2.
Haryana
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