Carbon dioxide from air is taken in through the tiny pores present on the surface of the leaves. Such pores are called stomata. Massive amounts of gaseous exchange takes place in the leaves through these pores for the purpose of photosynthesis. These pores are surrounded by ‘guard cells’. Since large amounts of water can also be lost through these stomata, the plant closes these pores when it does not need carbon dioxide for photosynthesis. The opening and closing of the pore is a function of the guard cells.
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